The Sleep Cycle



How it Works: The Sleep Cycle

            Sleeping is a natural habit of human beings in which the body and the mind get rest. It is consider a basic biological need because without rest people will not be able to keep on a journey effectively. According to Jeff Illief (2014), “It is something we spend about a third of our lives doing”. An entire cycle can last around ninety minutes, and individuals can have about four to six complete cycles throughout the night. It is extremely common that some people because of different factors such as jet lag, use of technology, business, and personal issues tend to lose their capacity to sleep when necessary. The previous is because the internal biological clock get continuously use to irregular sleep hours. What happens when we finally go to bed and our heads hit the pillow? The sleep cycle goes through three main stages for its performance in people’s lives.

            The first stage is the first non-rapid eye movement (NREM 1), phase one and two, which is known as light sleep. In the first phase, the individual enters and leaves the dream. As the name says, the eyes move slowly and also the breading slows down. Have you felt the falling down sensation and wake up scary? This happens in this stage; moreover, it is more often in people with irregular sleeping habits. The muscle activities are slow except heart and diaphragm, and the body pressure and brain temperature decreases. The second phase includes a deeper sleep with a reduced muscle tone; in addition, the eyes movement stop completely and the brain waves are slower. Now, your body is prepared to go into a deeper sleep.

            The second stage is the second non-rapid eye movement (NREM 2), phase three and four, which is known as deep sleep. In the third phase is where people’s body really get rest. The brain waves, which consist in the electrical activities produced by the brain, that predominate in this phase is delta. Also, in this phase is where sleep disorders are generate as somnambulism, night terrors, and even wetting the bed. Images can appear during fourth phase, but they are not whole stories. According to Natural Patterns of Sleep (2007), “As NREM sleep progresses, the brain becomes less responsive to external stimuli, and it becomes increasingly difficult to awaken an individual from sleep”. If you are in this phase it may be more difficult that a noise or even an earthquake wakes you up, but if you wake up during NREM 2 there is a high possibility to feel disoriented for the first few minutes.

            The final step is the rapid eye movement (REM), lap fifth, which is known as paradoxical sleep. The use of this term is because the brain waves during this stage are the same as a person who is fully awake, yet the brain shows heightened activity most of the muscles are paralyzed. In this stage people dream as a story and also powerful dreams occur. As there are no muscle responses; if a person wants to scream or move it is not possible. As it was mentioned in the first stage, the only muscles active are the heart and diaphragm. The extrinsic muscles of the eyeball are active too because the eyes movement increase considerably in all directions. Also, the brain wave that predominates is theta which is generate by the temporal and frontal lobe interaction. Finally, this stage is characterized by an increase in the heart rate, respiration rate, and pressure.

            By and large, the NREM 1, NREM 2, and REM are important stages for a better understanding of the sleep role in people’s lives. Many people understand why it is important, yet others do not understand what all is about. It is a long cycle that is needed for recovering from fatigue, and every stage is important for an effective rest. According to Jeff Illief (2014), “Sleeping is especially important for the brain even thought that it is just two percent of the body’s mass”. It is also important to try to sleep from seven to nine hours depending on your lifestyle, but try to not obviate your common bedtime in order to keep a healthy sleep cycle.

Bibliography

Illif, J. (September, 2014). One more reason to get a good night’s sleep. TEDMED. Recovered from:

Natural Patterns of Sleep. (2007, December 18). Healthy Sleep.  Recovered from: http://healthysleep.med.harvard.edu/healthy/science/what/sleep-patterns-rem-nrem

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